Evaluación de la coordinación de aislamiento de la subestación El Inga 500 kV usando el software Alternative Transients Program

Abstract

Correct insulation coordination in extra high voltage systems is essential to avoid insulation failures in the power system equipment that can be produced by overvoltages due to lightning or switching within the system. The insulation coordination methodology raised by the IEC 60071 - 1 and IEC 60071-2 standards was analyzed and described in this graduation project. Using the ATP (Alternative Transients Program) software, potential overvoltages that can be generated in the 500 kV El Inga substation were analyzed. by a statistical analysis, the overvoltages produced by the different maneuvers in the system were determined, for which the national grid projected for the incoming year of 500 kV system with all its associated elements was modeled. For the analysis of overvoltages caused by lightning, the elements of El Inga 500 kV substation including the first towers entering the substation and the representative lightning were modeled, detailing the distances and characteristics of each element, both in the substation and in the transmission towers. The determination of the standard insulation level of equipment and minimum air gaps both between phases and between phase and earth in the 500 kV El Inga substation was made using the methodology analyzed in the IEC 60071-2 and 60071-2 standards.