Desarrollo de un material compuesto de matriz de poliuretano rígido reforzado con fibra de cabuya y con raquis de palma africana.

Abstract

This article explains the development of a composite made from rigid polyurethane matrix reinforced with cabuya fiber and oil empty fruit bunch fiber. Composites were prepared with concentrations by weight of loading fiber: 5%, 10% and 15. The fibers were cleaned, ground, sieved and dried. To improve the affinity matrix-fiber fibers were subjected to a process of acetylation. Bending and tensile tests developed materials were performed. The material formulated with 10 wt% by weight of fiber had the highest properties of flexural strength. While the composite formulated with 5 wt% had the highest fiber properties of tensile strength. In both mechanical tests material formulated with acetylated fiber it presented slightly better results in relation to the material made fiber without chemical treatment. Material with 15% by weight of fiber is selected because the mechanical properties are equal or superior to the polyurethane material made only. The density and the burn rate of selected materials (composites with 15 wt% fiber) were determined. In addition tests were performed to determine the acoustic and thermal properties of the selected materials (composites with 15 wt% fiber). The production cost of the composite of oil empty fruit bunch fiber decreased by 16% compared to the cost of production of polyurethane material made only, while the cost of producing the composite of cabuya fiber showed a decrease of 14,5%.