Estudio de factibilidad y diseño de una planta de subensambles de tableros de instrumentos automotrices

Abstract

In recent years, Latin American automotive industry has intensified its work to raise the competitiveness of the assembly plants. In some countries in the region this implies an increase in local production, a redesign of processes promoting efficiency and cost reduction of import tariffs. In this work the assembly boards in an Ecuadorian automotive assembly plant and its impact on efficiency, production costs and the percentage of local content of the plant is studied. The design of a new assembly line that can be implemented within or outside the assembly and feasibility analysis, financial and economic sensitivity of the two proposals that are generated not include the cost of equipment or assembly are performed is proposed. As a result it plans to work with an assembly line in which boards are produced for both commercial vehicles and passenger vehicles incorporating a carousel conveyor chain. This new line reduces the total assembly time by 15%. Additionally the possibility of assembly boards in a separate facility outside the assembly is studied. In this case, the economic analysis to suggest that, if not considered the costs of acquiring the carrier as part of this proposal, the project is feasible, as shown in the calculation of indicators such as net present value, internal rate 39.7% return, which exceeds the minimum rate of return that was obtained from 16.67%. The sensitivity analysis shows that the main risks of the project are that the demand decreases by 19.9% based on the current demand, giving a negative VAN if the price of service assembly to $ 11 is held. Additionally, it should be noted that based on the study of the new assembly line proposed calculating the percentage of local content of the panels is made and based on this percentage is possible to reduce the amounts payable by way of fees, surcharges for significant amount. We can say that the process redesign, incorporating technology implemented in the design of the plant help to improve assembly times and thus saving on production costs, improving the competitiveness of the plant analyzed.