Evaluación de la generación de biogás a partir de excretas porcinas en la granja agroinporc y diseño de un biodigestor

Abstract

The aim of this project was to define the effect of temperature on biogas production by using pig manure. For this, two treatments were developed at different temperatures (35 and 26ºC average ambient t) with two replications respectively. To estimate the daily production of manure on the farm, excreta generated in feedlots and maternity wards and breeding was collected and weighed for 5 days. 1 kg of the collected manure was characterized to calculate the amount of water needed to dilute the manure for the fermentation process; which was carried out in 4 bioreactors with capacity of 4.5 L. Two reactors were maintained at 35 ° C and two at room temperature, the average daily biogas production was measured by the water displacement method, through 30 days. Two samples of biogas were taken, one at day 10, and the second at the day 30, to be characterized by gas chromatography. Results shown that when the fermentation was carried at 35 ºC, 9560 mL was generated with 69,04% and methane content, while at room temperature 5840 mL of biogas with 54,02% methane content was obtained. An additional fermentation was performed at 35 ºC to obtain the Biogas caloric power and flammability; and characterized biologically the solid residue of fermentation process. Based on the best results of the experiments, the design of a biodigestor was proposed for a daily processing of 21,45 kg of manure and a biogas production of 1,37 m3. The reactor is a tubular digester of 7 m length and 1 m diameter. Biogas produced will be used to operate 4 heating lamps needed in maternity area of the farm.