Análisis Estructural a cargas de impacto frontal de un bus tipo Interprovincial mediante el Método de Elementos Finitos

Abstract

In this project simulation and analysis methodology is developed to determine the structural behavior of a body of interprovincial buses under a condition of a frontal impact as international standards and allows to establish as most critical to the front of the body element. mathematical analysis to idealize the behavior of the critical area of the front of the body, based on the material properties and application of dynamic explicit, and the use of explicit Lagrange as a basis for analysis and simulation is developed in under the dynamic characteristics of the phenomenon of impact, with high deformations in very small periods of time. ANSYS LS-DYNA software was used for the simulation process, establishing the boundary conditions and application methodology based on generally in three main stages; preprocessing (construction CAD model body types using 3D surface elements), Solver (determination and application loads, boundary conditions, speed, movement restrictions, explicit dynamics control) and post - processing (obtaining , presentation and interpretation of results) The process of validation of the results, are related to the parameter Hourglass (Hourglass) and the method selected solution, "Flanagan - Belytschko Stiffness" which allowed to validate the study, both for the body and for the idealized element.