Determinación experimental de las características de los modelos de carga de artefactos eléctricos modernos de uso residencial

Abstract

Experimental laboratory measurements provide the main characteristics of electrical appliances for residential use under steady-state voltage variations, they are used to develop suitable load models. For electrical appliances selection a survey was designed, where a group of people was asked to indicate what types of electrical appliances they have at home, answering to specific questions: normal operating voltage, power, frequency and current. The models under study are the exponential model and the ZIP model, which by their characteristics are the most ideal for electrical appliances for residential use. The ZIP model establishes the dependence of the power with respect to the voltage and that presents the characteristics of constant impedance (Z), constant current (I) and constant power (P), for the exponential model presents the characteristics of the coefficients in per unit and for active and reactive power respectively of which if the exponents of the voltages have values of 0, 1 or 2 the load is shown with characteristics of power, current and constant impedance respectively. To facilitate the development of the models, a computational tool is programmed in MATLAB package.