Síntesis por microondas de un Surfactante a partir de Oleína de Palma y Glucosa

Abstract

The present project aimed to synthesize an environmentally friendly surfactant from organic substances. The process was divided into two stages: the production of fatty acids from the basic hydrolysis of palm olein and the reaction between fatty acids and glucose via microwave. The basic hydrolysis was carried out with sodium hydroxide, with concentrations of 1 N, 2 N and 3 N, in times of 1 h and 2 h. Fatty acid quantification was performed by spectrophotometry, absorbance measurement was performed at 715 nm; The calibration curve was calculated and the equation obtained was y = 0.0348 + 19.2258 X. For the reaction between fatty acids and glucose, an Electrolux domestic microwave model EMX171D1P6 was used. Finally, tests were carried out to characterize the surface tension of the product obtained, using a KRÜSS tensiometer, model K100 GmbH, and the plate method was used. The lowest surface tension value obtained was 19.72 mN / m. The yield of the reaction between fatty acids and glucose was 94.26%, this value was determined based on the concentration of unreacted fatty acids.