Localización óptima de reconectadores con criterios de confiabilidad en sistemas eléctricos de distribución radial

Abstract

At present, society is more demanding with the quality of services and in particular with the service provided by energy distribution companies, this makes it necessary to introduce technology, more efficient equipment or a better location of elements protection/maneuvering with the aim of minimizing the number of users without electricity in case of network failures. Interruptions in the supply of electricity generated at the distribution level do not have the same incidence as those generated at the generation level in terms of the amount of load disconnected, but 90% of failures that cause non-supply of energy occur in the distribution system. It is for this reason that the present titling project aims apply a methodology to find the correct number of reclosers and the optimal location of them, where is achieved the lowest amount of energy that is not served in the occurrence of failures in the distribution systems. There are several alternatives to improve the continuity of the electric service, one of them is the recloser, since according to several studies it is observed that 85% of the faults in aerial distribution networks are non-permanent faults, after some cycles or seconds the fault is released, for this reason with the installation of the reclosers and with its function of opening/closing, it is possible to minimize the problem. With the evaluation of the reliability of the distribution system and its respective indices, it is possible to determine the weak points and thus quantify and observe the correct location of the reclosers to make the system more reliable and therefore to improve those indices.