Análisis comparativo del modelo de regulación financiera y supervisión bancaria aplicado en Ecuador y su impacto en el sistema de bancos privados: períodos 2002-2006 vs 2007-2015

Abstract

This research allows evaluating how the financial regulation policies implemented in Ecuador during two comparative periods 2002-2006 vs 2007-2015 have influenced the operation of the private banking system. Private banks are financial intermediaries that carry out operations to raise and place monetary resources, and these activities are inherent in assuming risks. Financial regulation should evaluate the actions of banks from the macro-prudential perspective so that the credit provided by banking institutions does not respond to a procyclicality, that is when the economy is in process of growth, in the same way the banks without any problem give credits in an indiscriminate manner without adequately measuring the implicit risks that these operations may have and in the face of a change in the economic trend, banks react by limiting credit and this may mean that instead of the lack of financing, the rest of economic sectors lose their capacity to pay to the banks generating a crisis in some banking institutions that by their size can even carry a systemic crisis with serious consequences that this context can mean for the state and the whole society. On the other hand, financial regulation must permanently monitor from a micro-prudential perspective that banks maintain their solvency levels.