Propuesta de rediseño de macro y micro rutas del sistema de recolección de residuos sólidos de la ciudad de Tulcán

Abstract

The project proposes the redesign of macro and micro routes of solid waste collection in the city of Tulcan through the technical evaluation of the current system. The application of surveys to the users and a study of times and movements allowed to obtain information base of the system. Next, the per capita production and the specific weight of the waste were determined. To determine the sampling points, a previous statistical analysis was performed, obtaining a specific weight of 225 kg / m3 and a home PPC of 0.648 kg / inhab-day. Four macro routes divided into 8 operating zones were designed with an average waste generation of 8.25 tons / area following the methodology of Dr. Kunitoshi Sakurai. The zones are covered by a specific vehicle with occupancy efficiency of 90%; the frequency of picking up one day is applied in the residential sector and the daily one in the commercial sector. Micro routes were designed through the combination of mathematical algorithms and heuristic methods, this allowed to increase the use of the working day by 28% reducing the monthly route by 45%, this leads to a 55% reduction in the amount of fuel used, leaving to emit 155 tons of CO2 / year.