Diagnóstico y propuesta de solución ante efectos de asentamientos diferenciales para una vivienda de dos pisos

Abstract

The present work seeks to find an economic, fast and effective solution to the problem of differential settlements through the enchapado technique as a method of retrofit and rehabilitation of the structural system corresponding to structures provided with band beams, for which it was considered a real case, a house located in the north of the city of Quito; the house was built in the year of 1989, date in which there was no seismic regulations in the country; a review of the original design of the house was made using the current regulations NEC-SE-VIVIENDA. The house has architectural and structural plans, from where it was possible to obtain the design information as well as resistance of the materials used; a detailed inspection was made of the current state of the non-structural elements (masonry) that are cracked as an evidence of the differential settlement; with the results obtained from the review of the design and inspection, a diagnosis was made of each of the elements. Finally, an alternative of emergent solution was proposed, so that the non-structural elements become part of the resistant system of the house and the efforts produced in the beam-column elements are relieved; for which the enchapado technique was used, which consists of an electro welded mesh anchored to the filling panel and covered with low resistance mortar. The structural system was tested through mathematical models in the ETABS program with student license. Finally, detail plans of the proposed reinforcement and a budget were made.