DSpace Colección:http://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/36662023-12-30T01:44:00Z2023-12-30T01:44:00ZPlantilla de etiquetas de la Colección de InvertebradosTroya, Adriánhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/238132023-04-17T15:08:52Z2023-04-14T00:00:00ZTítulo: Plantilla de etiquetas de la Colección de Invertebrados
Autor: Troya, Adrián
Descripción: Plantilla de etiquetas utilizada en especímenes de la Colección de Invertebrados, Escuela Politécnica Nacional. Los datos en rojo, en la primera etiqueta, son obligatorios. EL usuario puede agregar cuantas filas sean requeridas.2023-04-14T00:00:00ZFirst records of Diptera associated with human corpses in EcuadorGarcía-Ruilova, Ana B.Barragán, AlvaroDonoso, David A.et. al.http://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/214372021-02-26T21:18:47Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: First records of Diptera associated with human corpses in Ecuador
Autor: García-Ruilova, Ana B.; Barragán, Alvaro; Donoso, David A.; et. al.
Resumen: Flies in the order Diptera are of forensic value because many species leave tractable evidence
while harvesting nutrients from decomposing corpses. From December 2015 to January 2017,
41 fly specimens were collected in human bodies at crime scenes and autopsies across the
south of Ecuador. Six species, e.g., Chrysomya albiceps (Widemann 1819), Chrysomya megacephala
(Fabricius, 1794), Synthesiomyia nudiseta (Wulp, 1883), Lucilia purpurascens (Walker,
1836), Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius, 1805), and Stomoxys calcitrans (Linneo, 1758) were
identified to species level using morphological (dichotomous keys) and molecular (mitochondrial
COI barcodes) techniques. One additional specimen remains unidentified to species level,
but COI barcodes assigned it to the genus Paralucilia. These first taxonomically curated records
of flies in real cases constitute a tangible groundwork for the development of forensic
entomology in Ecuador.2020-11-01T00:00:00ZOdontomachus davidsoni sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), a new conspicuous trap-jaw ant from EcuadorHoenle, Philipp O.Lattke, John E.Donoso, David A.et. al.http://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/214362021-02-26T21:07:43Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Odontomachus davidsoni sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), a new conspicuous trap-jaw ant from Ecuador
Autor: Hoenle, Philipp O.; Lattke, John E.; Donoso, David A.; et. al.
Resumen: One of the largest species in its genus, Odontomachus davidsoni Hoenle, Lattke & Donoso, sp. nov. is
described from workers and queens collected at lowland forests in the Chocó-Darién bioregion in coastal
Ecuador. The workers are characterized by their uniform red coloration, their large size (16–18 mm body
length), and their frontal head striation that reaches the occipital margin. DNA barcodes (COI) and high
resolution 2D images of the type material are provided, as well as an updated key for the Neotropical species
of Odontomachus. In addition, a three-dimensional digital model of the worker holotype and a paratype
queen scanned with DISC3D based on photogrammetry is presented, for the first time in a species
description. Findings of large and conspicuous new species are uncommon around the world and suggest
that these Ecuadorian rainforests may conceal many more natural treasures that deserve conservation.2020-07-01T00:00:00ZEnemy-free space and the distribution of ants, springtails and termites in the soil of one tropical rainforestBasset, YvesPalacios-Vargas, José G.Donoso, David A.et. al.http://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/214352021-02-26T20:34:52Z2020-08-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Enemy-free space and the distribution of ants, springtails and termites in the soil of one tropical rainforest
Autor: Basset, Yves; Palacios-Vargas, José G.; Donoso, David A.; et. al.
Resumen: The soil fauna of tropical rainforests is difficult to study because of its extreme species richness and taxonomic impediment. Studies of multi-taxon assemblages in the soil of tropical rainforests are relatively rare and studies of interspecific interactions, such as predation, even rarer. Here we attempt to infer prey predator interactions and enemy-free space from the faunal composition of 100 litter/soil samples obtained from Barro Colorado Island in Panama during the dry and wet seasons. We focused on assemblages of ants (assigned to categories of non-predators, potential and confirmed predators), springtails and termites, which were characterized by their Barcode Index Numbers. Overall in 0.2 m3 of soil/litter we collected 2129 ants, 5592 springtails and 260 termites, which represented 80, 104 and 15 species, respectively. The faunal composition of confirmed ant predators was spatially coincident with that of Collembola. However, despite considerable seasonal shifts in the rank abundance of Collembola species, seasonal shifts of confirmed ant predators were low, resulting in a poor match of seasonal shifts between ants and their prey items. No location could be considered as being relatively free of ant enemies for springtails or termites, but the dry season supported higher prey-predator ratios than the wet season. We inferred only 4 possible prey-predator interactions, out of 7616 potential interactions in the study system. The relative dispersion of confirmed ant predators, which only weakly influenced springtail and termite assemblages, suggests low specificity in ant-prey interactions. This confirms that “brown food webs” may be structured by bottom-up effects rather than by top-down effects.2020-08-01T00:00:00ZWorld Scientists’ Warning of a Climate EmergencyRipple, William J.Wolf, ChristopherDonoso, David A.et. al.http://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/213992021-02-12T19:22:00Z2020-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: World Scientists’ Warning of a Climate Emergency
Autor: Ripple, William J.; Wolf, Christopher; Donoso, David A.; et. al.2020-01-01T00:00:00ZDeclinación masiva de insectos: ¿Se acerca el Armagedón?Salazar B., FernandaDonoso, David A.http://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/213392021-01-29T21:11:48Z2020-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Declinación masiva de insectos: ¿Se acerca el Armagedón?
Autor: Salazar B., Fernanda; Donoso, David A.2020-01-01T00:00:00ZLand use impacts poison frog chemical defenses through changes in leaf litter ant communitiesMoskowitz, Nora A.Dorritie, BarbaraDonoso, David A.et. al.http://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/213232021-01-22T21:17:18Z2020-04-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Land use impacts poison frog chemical defenses through changes in leaf litter ant communities
Autor: Moskowitz, Nora A.; Dorritie, Barbara; Donoso, David A.; et. al.
Resumen: Much of the world’s biodiversity is held within tropical rainforests, which are increasingly fragmented
by agricultural practices. In these threatened landscapes, there aremany organisms that acquire
chemical defenses fromtheir diet and are therefore intimately connectedwith their local food webs.
Poison frogs (Family Dendrobatidae) are one such example, as they acquire alkaloid-based chemical
defenses from their diet of leaf litter ants andmites. It is currently unknown how habitat fragmentation
impacts chemical defense across trophic levels, from arthropods to frogs. We examined the
chemical defenses and diet of the Diablito poison frog (Oophaga sylvatica), and the diversity of their
leaf litter ant communities in secondary forest and reclaimed cattle pasture. Notably, this research
was performed in collaboration with two high school science classrooms. We found that the leaf
litter of forest and pasture frog habitats differed significantly in ant community structure. We also
found that forest and pasture frogs differed significantly in diet and alkaloid profiles, where forest
frogs contained more of specific alkaloids and ate more ants in both number and volume. Finally,
ant species composition of frog diets resembled the surrounding leaf litter, but diets were less
variable. This suggests that frogs tend to consume particular ant species within each habitat. To
better understand how ants contribute to the alkaloid chemical profiles of frogs, we chemically
profiled several ant species and found some alkaloids to be common across many ant species while
others are restricted to a few species. At least one alkaloid (223H) found in ants from disturbed sites
was also found in skins from pasture frogs. Our experiments are the first to link anthropogenic land
use changes to dendrobatid poison frog chemical defenses through variation in leaf litter communities,
which has implications for conservation management of these threatened amphibians.2020-04-01T00:00:00ZEsto es cuestión de pulgasCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/212252020-11-23T19:07:29Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Esto es cuestión de pulgas
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZEl delicado escarabajo Pseudophengodes pulchellaCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/212242020-11-23T18:53:55Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: El delicado escarabajo Pseudophengodes pulchella
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZLos pecesillos de plataCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/212232020-12-17T18:24:14Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Los pecesillos de plata
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZLas gigantescas moscas PantophthalmidaeCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/212222020-11-23T18:38:59Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Las gigantescas moscas Pantophthalmidae
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZLas mariposas de la penumbra (Satyrinae)Carvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/212212020-11-23T18:23:11Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Las mariposas de la penumbra (Satyrinae)
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZLa monarca de todas las mariposasCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/211912020-11-20T17:33:42Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: La monarca de todas las mariposas
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZLos Tettigoniidae y sus extraordinarias formasCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/211902020-11-20T18:27:37Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Los Tettigoniidae y sus extraordinarias formas
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZLa naturaleza siempre se abre caminoCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/211892020-11-20T17:26:58Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: La naturaleza siempre se abre camino
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZLa cigarra de QuitoCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/211882020-11-20T17:24:17Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: La cigarra de Quito
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZImportancia de los OdonataCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/211872020-11-20T17:21:42Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Importancia de los Odonata
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZEl piojo de la ballena jorobadaCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/211862020-11-20T17:19:12Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: El piojo de la ballena jorobada
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZBreve descripción del cerambicido andino Deretrachys pellitus pellitus (Kirsch, 1889) (=Trachyderes vermiculatus)Carvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/211852020-11-20T17:15:13Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Breve descripción del cerambicido andino Deretrachys pellitus pellitus (Kirsch, 1889) (=Trachyderes vermiculatus)
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZLa desconocida luciérnaga de Quito Cladodes nigricollisCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/211842020-11-20T17:11:14Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: La desconocida luciérnaga de Quito Cladodes nigricollis
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZLos asombrosos cerambícidos gigantes del EcuadorCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/211832020-11-20T17:07:43Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Los asombrosos cerambícidos gigantes del Ecuador
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-11-01T00:00:00ZAlgunos ectoparásitos de las palomasCarvajal L., VladimirRivera, José L.http://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/211822020-11-20T17:02:02Z2020-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Algunos ectoparásitos de las palomas
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir; Rivera, José L.2020-11-01T00:00:00ZMorfología y descripción general de las ninfas de MegalopteraCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210262020-08-05T20:21:05Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Morfología y descripción general de las ninfas de Megaloptera
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZMorfología y descripción general de las ninfas de PlecopteraCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210252020-08-05T20:12:32Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Morfología y descripción general de las ninfas de Plecoptera
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZMorfología y principales grupos de Acrididae del EcuadorCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210242020-08-05T20:06:22Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Morfología y principales grupos de Acrididae del Ecuador
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZMorfología y descripción general de los MantodeaCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210232020-12-17T18:35:13Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Morfología y descripción general de los Mantodea
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZLos mosquitos polilla (Psychodidae)Carvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210222020-08-05T19:58:35Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Los mosquitos polilla (Psychodidae)
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZImportancia de las abejas como polinizadoresCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210212020-08-05T19:41:53Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Importancia de las abejas como polinizadores
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZIntroducción a los hongos del bosque y su relación con los insectosCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210202020-08-05T18:44:50Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Introducción a los hongos del bosque y su relación con los insectos
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZGuía para la identificación de los organismos zooplanctónicos más comunes el agua dulceCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210192020-08-05T18:37:48Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Guía para la identificación de los organismos zooplanctónicos más comunes el agua dulce
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZLos grandes escarabajos de los géneros Dynastes y MegasomaCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210182020-09-10T19:11:51Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Los grandes escarabajos de los géneros Dynastes y Megasoma
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZDiversidad de insectos polinizadoresCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210172020-08-05T18:26:18Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Diversidad de insectos polinizadores
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZEl mosquito de Quito (Culex quitensis)Carvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210162020-08-05T18:08:35Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: El mosquito de Quito (Culex quitensis)
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZLos crustáceos de agua dulce y su importanciaCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210152020-08-05T17:48:22Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Los crustáceos de agua dulce y su importancia
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZBreve descripción del cerambícido andino Eurysthea ilinizae (=Paramallocera illinizae)Carvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210142020-08-05T17:29:54Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Breve descripción del cerambícido andino Eurysthea ilinizae (=Paramallocera illinizae)
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZAlgunas avispas interesantes del callejón interandinoCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210132020-08-05T17:05:55Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Algunas avispas interesantes del callejón interandino
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZAlacranes y escorpiones, ¿son lo mismo?Carvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/210122020-08-05T17:03:41Z2020-07-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Alacranes y escorpiones, ¿son lo mismo?
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir2020-07-01T00:00:00ZIntroducción al conocimiento de los Tabanidae de importancia médica del EcuadorCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/209032020-06-03T17:57:00Z2020-05-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Introducción al conocimiento de los Tabanidae de importancia médica del Ecuador
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir
Descripción: Los tábanos son Diptera Brachyceros robustos cuyo tamaño oscila entre mediano a grande y su fauna está bien representada en el Ecuador. Este grupo de dípteros se originó a mediados del Mesozóico, hace 180 millones de años aproximadamente y se diversificaron junto con los mamíferos, sus huéspedes primarios (Downes 1971).2020-05-01T00:00:00ZMariposas de la Cordillera del CóndorCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/209022020-06-03T17:53:58Z2020-05-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Mariposas de la Cordillera del Cóndor
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir
Descripción: La Cordillera del Cóndor biológicamente es una de las zonas menos conocidas de l Ecuador. Mantiene una extensa cobertura vegetal con caracteristicas ecológicas exclusivas y condiciones especiales que favorecen el estableciemineto de la vida silvestre, en especial de la entomofauna, la que presenta riquezas y abundancias plénamente adaptadas a las condiciones de los distintos ecosistemas particulares que posee y que definen su singularidad.2020-05-01T00:00:00ZMacroinvertebrados acuáticos y caudales ecológicosCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/209012020-06-03T17:51:26Z2020-05-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Macroinvertebrados acuáticos y caudales ecológicos
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir
Descripción: Clásicamente los ríos han sido definidos como: "Una corriente natural de agua que fluye con continuidad que además, posee un caudal determinado, rara vez constante a lo largo del año, y que desemboca en el mar, en un lago o en otro río, en cuyo caso se denomina afluente“.2020-05-01T00:00:00ZLos maestros de la imitación, Cripsis, aposematismo y mimetismoCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/209002020-06-03T17:48:13Z2020-05-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Los maestros de la imitación, Cripsis, aposematismo y mimetismo
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir
Descripción: En la Naturaleza, podemos observar algunos mecanismos sorprendentes
de las especies para evadir a predadores. Se conocen tres estrategias principales basadas en la forma y el color: la cripsis, el
aposematismo y el mimetismo.2020-05-01T00:00:00ZMorfología e importancia sanitaria de las garrapatas IxodidaeCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/208992020-06-03T17:45:20Z2020-05-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Morfología e importancia sanitaria de las garrapatas Ixodidae
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir
Descripción: Las garrapatas son uno de los artrópodos parasitarios más comunes en los ambientes tropicales,
subtropicales y temperados de todo el mundo. Existen dos familias: Ixodidae y Argasidae. Los Ixodidae son
conocidas como garrapatas duras, en cambio los Argasidae son más blandos, rugosos y de actividad nocturna.2020-05-01T00:00:00ZIntroducción al conocimiento de las arañas orbiculares (Araneidae) del EcuadorCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/208982020-06-03T17:43:17Z2020-05-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Introducción al conocimiento de las arañas orbiculares (Araneidae) del Ecuador
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir
Descripción: Los araneidos son arañas tejedoras de telas circulares, carentes de cribelo y calamistro. La placa dorsal del prosoma, casi siempre es ovalada, con la región cefálica limitada por unas escotaduras oblicuas que existen a la altura de la inserción de las coxas de los pedipalpos, y truncada en su borde anterior.2020-05-01T00:00:00ZGuía de invertebrados de la cordíllera del CóndorCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/208972020-06-03T17:40:49Z2020-05-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Guía de invertebrados de la cordíllera del Cóndor
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir
Descripción: La Cordillera del Cóndor siempre se ha constituido en un enigma biológico para muchos investigadores, en cuanto a su origen, estructura y biodiversidad. Además, esta región, es una de las pocas áreas poco exploradas que todavía guarda una flora y fauna desconocida.2020-05-01T00:00:00ZEscarabajos de la Cordillera del CóndorCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/208962020-06-03T17:37:43Z2020-05-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Escarabajos de la Cordillera del Cóndor
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir
Descripción: Los escarabajos pertenecen al Orden Coleoptera, uno de los grupos más conocidos y diversos de artrópodos en el planeta. En la Cordillera del Cóndor, estos organismos exhiben una amplia diversidad morfológica, ecológica y etológica, por tales cualidades este grupo genera un gran atractivo para muchos investigadores.2020-05-01T00:00:00ZMorfología e importancia sanitaria de la mosca flecha azul Calliphora vicinaCarvajal L., Vladimirhttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/208952020-06-03T17:33:05Z2020-05-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Morfología e importancia sanitaria de la mosca flecha azul Calliphora vicina
Autor: Carvajal L., Vladimir
Descripción: Las moscas negras - azules de la familia Calliphoridae, son uno de los insectos más fastidiosos y perjudiciales que conviven con los seres humanos. La especie Calliphora vicina conocida como mosca flecha, es frecuente en nuestro país.2020-05-01T00:00:00ZSpecies-level predation network uncovers high prey specificity in a Neotropical army ant communityHoenle, Philipp O.Blüthgen, NicoDonoso, David A.et. al.http://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/208442020-05-08T18:45:16Z2018-11-26T00:00:00ZTítulo: Species-level predation network uncovers high prey specificity in a Neotropical army ant community
Autor: Hoenle, Philipp O.; Blüthgen, Nico; Donoso, David A.; et. al.2018-11-26T00:00:00ZLife cycle of Lucilia sericata (Meigen 1826) collected from Andean mountainsPruna, WashingtonGuarderas, PaulinaDonoso, David A.Barragán, Álvarohttp://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/204982019-10-16T16:01:30Z2019-02-22T00:00:00ZTítulo: Life cycle of Lucilia sericata (Meigen 1826) collected from Andean mountains
Autor: Pruna, Washington; Guarderas, Paulina; Donoso, David A.; Barragán, Álvaro
Resumen: In forensic science, fly larval size and developmental time help to estimate the time elapsed
since a person has died until the body is found, generally known as minimum postmortem
interval (mPMI). Lucilia sericata (Meigen 1826) is a cosmopolitan and necrophagous fly species
(Diptera: Calliphoridae) that usually colonizes decomposing stages. In this study, we determined
life tables parameters of L. sericata (e.g. fly survivorship, mortality and life expectancy)
and developmental time of different larval stages under controlled temperatures. Cohorts of
12 eggs (12 x 10 repetitions) of L. sericata were exposed to 8°C, 10°C, 18°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C,
and 37 ± 0.5°C. We found that larval development was not complete at 8°C and 10°C
(minimum temperature limit), and at 35°C and 37°C (maximum temperature limit). The
number of larvae that reached the adult stage was similar (F2,30 = 0.20, p = 0.814) at all
viable temperatures (18°C, 25°C, and 30°C). We found the highest mortality to occur at initial
developmental stages. Under viable temperatures, the developmental time of L. sericata from
egg to adult decreases with temperature, with an average of 778 h at 18°C, 401 h at 25°C, and
288 h at 30°C. The developmental time of L. sericata at the fastest temperature (778 h) is
similar to that found in Vienna (Austria), but it is 2–3 times slower than that in three cities
across the United States. These results will improve the estimation of mPMIs in tropical
countries across the Andes region2019-02-22T00:00:00ZBryophyte Communities along a Tropical Urban River Respond to Heavy Metal and Arsenic PollutionVásquez, CristinaCalva, JamesDonoso, David A.et. al.http://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/204972019-10-16T15:45:01Z2019-04-18T00:00:00ZTítulo: Bryophyte Communities along a Tropical Urban River Respond to Heavy Metal and Arsenic Pollution
Autor: Vásquez, Cristina; Calva, James; Donoso, David A.; et. al.
Resumen: Aquatic and rheophilous bryophytes can indicate water pollution as they bioaccumulate
toxic water elements. We evaluated (1) bioaccumulation of eight heavy metals and arsenic by
Marchantia polymorpha L., and (2) changes in bryophyte community structure, as responses to urban
pollution in southern Ecuador. To this end, we registered presence/absence and coverage of submerged
bryophytes in 120 quadrats across three zones of the Zamora river inside Loja city, and a control zone
in a nearby forest. We found that the concentrations of five (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, and Zn) of the eight
chemical elements and arsenic were highest in urban M. polymorpha. Moreover, bryophyte species
richness decreased in urban zones. Bryophyte community structure also di ered between control
and city zones, but no di erences were found among city zones. The control zone was composed by
a more distinct set of bryophyte species, e.g., an indicator species analysis showed that 16 species
had high and significant indicator values for control zone, but only 11 species were indicators of at
least one of the three urban zones. We concluded that bryophytes, in general, and M. polymorpha,
in particular, can be suitable biomonitors of water quality in tropical urban rivers.2019-04-18T00:00:00ZAnt Morphology Mediates Diet Preference in a Neotropical Toad (Rhinella alata)McElroy, Matthew T.Donoso, David A.http://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/handle/15000/204962019-10-16T15:12:16Z2019-05-26T00:00:00ZTítulo: Ant Morphology Mediates Diet Preference in a Neotropical Toad (Rhinella alata)
Autor: McElroy, Matthew T.; Donoso, David A.
Resumen: Despite the widespread occurrence of myrmecophagy in anurans, it is unclear whether ant-specialists feed on ants
opportunistically or whether they prefer species with specific morphological, ecological, or nutritional traits. We
flushed 105 stomachs of a lowland neotropical toad, Rhinella alata, and identified each consumed ant to species level.
We calculated linear selectivity to determine predator preference for ants by comparing the abundances of consumed
species to their relative abundances in the leaf litter community on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. We conducted
linear regression models to test whether linear selectivity or general predator preference related to seven
morphological characteristics and two measurements of nutritional content. Rhinella alata preferentially ate 24 ant
species. Other species were either avoided (n ¼ 34) or were eaten opportunistically (n ¼ 26). Preferred ant species were
large and textured with hair and/or rugosity. We found that prey preference did not relate to prey nutritional content,
that small ants were avoided even if they were superabundant in the environment, and that chemically defended and
aggressive ants were preferred if they were large enough. We propose that R. alata prefers large ants because they
represent a more efficient prey item in terms of prey handling time and because they are easier to see than are smaller
ants. Furthermore, we hypothesize that predation attempts are more successful when prey are textured because
microstructures on the tongue and prey surface may increase prey adhesion. The ant specialist R. alata is not
specializing on any particular ant species but rather maximizing prey quantity over quality by only eating the largest
ants, despite their scarcity in the environment.2019-05-26T00:00:00Z