Diseño de una planta para la fabricación de paneles de yeso con la adición de piedra pómez y polipropileno como materiales alternativos

Abstract

In the present study seeks to find the best conditions to produce panels of gypsum, with the incorporation of alternative materials such as pumice and polypropylene to reduce production costs without losing the properties of the panel, with this objective several tests were performed. Initially the raw material was characterized, it was achieved to determine particle sizes of the gypsum and pumice, pH, humidity, in the case of polypropylene was characterized by a traccion-deformacion trial, in order to demonstrate their influence on the properties of the panel made with these materials. Since the characterization of raw materials, panels were developed, which evaluated parameters like: addition of pumice, particle size of pumice, water temperature and form of the addition of polypropylene. The best conditions encountered of these parameters are content of 70 % gypsum and 30 % pumice, particle size of pumice 355 µm, the water temperature of 20 ° C, laminated polypropylene that allowing to create a panel that comply with the standard ASTM 1396. Resistance to compression that presents the panel is 350.75 KPa. Subsequently, the formulation for the elaboration of gypsum-pumice-polypropylene panels, the design of a flow diagram and the distribution of equipment to implement a manufacturing plant of panels with a capacity of 100 kg/day were selected.