Diseño y caracterización de un material compuesto por roca volcánica y concreto como material alternativo de construcción que permita mejorar los niveles de confort interno en viviendas localizados en climas fríos

Abstract

At the local level and especially in the urban area, the most used construction material is the concrete block, however, the thermal insulation capacity of this type of material has not been considered. Considering this problematic, we have proposed the present study, which consists of elaborating blocks for masonry, composed of sand of volcanic rock (traquiandesita), gravel (relation 20 - 80) and concrete, as alternative material of low cost, high thermal isolation and easy to elaborate for the native settlers of these zones. For the project the mixture was elaborated of concrete based on the standard ACI 211.1 and ASTM C33, where the procedure is established to optimize the granulometry in the mixtures of concrete. The thermal properties of the material were evaluated measuring the heat conduction across a massive hollow cylinder in stationary regime, and in transitory regime using the equipment KD2 Pro based on the method of thermal needle. The results obtained experimentally by mechanical tests of compression, of thermal conductivity (k=0.1404 W/m. K) and thermal resistance (9.09 m2. K/W), verify that the alternative block can be used for sake of thermal isolation and improvement of the domiciliary comfort.