Estudio de la deposición de hidroxiapatita sobre sustratos metálicos para aplicaciones biomédicas en presencia de campos magnéticos y por métodos electroquímicos

Abstract

The aim of this work was to study the deposition of hydroxyapatite (HAp) on metallic substrates induced by magnetic fields and electrochemical methods for biomedical applications. For this purpose, the structural and surface characteristics of the substrates: Titanium (Ti) and stainless steel (SS316LVM), Titanium and Steel 316LVM with Tantalum coating (Ta/Ti, Ta/SS316LVM) and Titanium and Stainless steel 316LVM with coating of Tantalum/Tantalum Nitride (Ta/TaN/Ti, Ta/TaN/SS316LVM) were analyzed by SEM, X-ray Diffraction, FTIR and Hydrophilicity Tests. It was determined that the presence of the magnetic field in the biomimetic method, accelerated the deposition of HAp, which resulted in a formed mass superior to 120 %, in 14 days and 0,22 T. On the other hand, the best conditions of the HAp formation under the electrochemical method were obtained for Ti, SS316LVM, Ta/TaN/Ti, Ta/TaN/SS316LVM at -1,6 V, -1,4 V, -1,5 V, -1,7 V, respectively, at 6 000 s. All the films of HAp formed through the application of both methods showed the presence of relations Ca/P greater than 1, which suggests that the films can be used as biomaterials. The substrate of Ta/Ti was the one that presented the best HAp formation by both methods with a HAp mass per area of 0,22 mg/mm2 from the biomimetic method in the presence of magnetic fields and 0,47 mg/mm2 from the electrochemical method. In both cases, the Ca/P ratios were close to 1,67 of HAp, which is a common value presented in the bones.