Diseño y simulación de una bomba de calor de alta temperatura para aplicaciones residenciales en Quito que reemplacen el refrigerante R134a.

Abstract

This study presents initiatives for the replacement of HFC refrigerants with others of lower global warming potential (GWP). Applied in a heat pump for sanitary hot water preparation, the model predicts with specific simulations the energy performance following the EN12900: 2013 standard, validated with the manufacturer's experimental data for a selection of refrigerants with low global warming potential. The parameters considered were the global warming potential (GWP), the coefficient of performance (COP), the electrical energy consumed, the heating capacity in the heat pump, the risk to people according to the ASHRAE, temperature and discharge pressure in the compressor and mass flow of the refrigerant. The ozone depletion potential (ODP) was not considered to be zero in all cases. The results suggest that 10 of 15 initial refrigerants are potential substitutes of R134a for the preparation of domestic hot water in the heat pump.

This study presents in detail the parameters used in the process to demonstrate the feasibility of a successful replacement of high GWP refrigerants with low GWP refrigerants maintaining a suitable energy efficiency while satisfying some practical, design and safety requirements.