Desarrollo de metodologías enfocadas a aplicaciones de ingeniería inversa para reproducir objetos mediante escaneado 3D, sistemas CAD/CAM y prototipado rápido

Abstract

In the present project, methodologies focused on reverse engineering applications were developed with the purpose of reproducing objects through 3D scanning CAD / CAM systems and rapid prototyping. The main applications that can exist in this field have been taken into account, for which two types of scanner are used, one portable and the other fixed, which allow to have the digital information of the reference object, the same that must have an initial preparation and in some cases the positioning of positioning targets to have adequate references in it and in this way the light emitted by the scanners falls on the surfaces of the object and is sent to a software of a computer. Then the different scanning information must go through a post-treatment stage in which it consists of finishing the information with a clean, aligned, merged, refined and without errors mesh; to then perform the reconstruction of the object based on the information of the mesh and using different tools to obtain a solid or surface modeling. Once this information is available, it is validated using tools that allow verifying the existing deviation between the reconstructed object and the scan mesh and if you have adequate approximations, you proceed to carry out the operations necessary for manufacturing using CNC equipment and rapid prototyping, for which adequate software is used to make these procedures and thus complete integration from 3D scanning to obtaining the final product digitally or physically, for which research was used equipment of Laboratory of Development and Innovation of New Technologies of Design, Manufacturing and Production of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the National Polytechnic School, and with this work will be a guide for the development of future projects.