Evaluación hidráulica de orificio tipo ranura para sistema de drenaje en filtros rápidos-análisis experimental

Abstract

The present degree work proposes a perforated pipe drainage system with slot type holes for rapid filters. This system consists on PVC pipes with slots for the reception and evacuation of water. The configuration of the slots raises the possibility of reducing the thickness of support layer, size of the grains of the filter media and, therefore, the height of the walls of the deposit containing the filter. The experimental analysis of drain is based on the head loss during the washing process, as well as, discharge coefficient in critical flow conditions. When gathering information related to subject, study parameters were defined, such as: experimental flow rates and piezometric head. For later, to establish the methods of flow control and pressure measurement. Being a technical-experimental work, the physical modeling of hydraulic phenomenon was made in laboratory. To this end, a test plan was established, in which 3 tests were carried out on the prototype (PVC tube with a diameter of 100 mm and slots 1 mm wide and 26 mm long, with a separation of 5 cm). Additionally, the procedure was performed in a perforated tube with circular holes of similar area, to compare the results of head loss and discharge coefficients, of the proposal and of a conventional system.