Estructuración de sensores autónomos para sistemas de protecciones eléctricas, mediante el uso de microprocesadores de ultra bajo consumo de potencia

Abstract

This technical project aims to structure an autonomous sensor for electrical protection systems using new energy collection technologies and prioritize low power consumption both in the microcontroller and in the wireless communication modules. The development of the autonomous sensor consists of the following stages: the first is responsible for the collection and storage of energy, it is responsible for capturing solar energy through photovoltaic modules and converting it into electrical energy, in addition, to maintain power of the prototype in the absence of solar radiation, a battery designed to supply the autonomous sensor for up to two days with its respective charging circuit is used. The second stage is the acquisition of data from an external system using a current sensor, information that passes to the third stage, in which the microcontroller is responsible for evaluating the measurements to determine current disturbances of the external system, it is also responsible for maintaining autonomous sensor operation with low power consumption. The fourth part is the wireless transmission of low power consumption data that is responsible for sending the information when a disturbance in the current signal is detected. Finally, the steps mentioned above are integrated, developing a base plate in a compact size and placing it inside a housing for its protection from external factors. For the operation check of the autonomous sensor, different functional tests are performed and for the visualization of the information sent by the prototype, a graphical interface is made in LabVIEW, also, the event data is stored in Excel files for later analysis. of the behavior of the current.