Desarrollo de una metodología para la evaluación de saturación del humedal Pugllohuma mediante el uso de UAVs

Abstract

Ecuador is a country with an invaluable, natural resources, and dependent on them for the population subsistence, especially with the water resource. High Andean wetlands have been degrading a cause of the human activities, many Andean cities completely depend on the water that comes from the paramos. Quito use 85% of surface water for his supply, who comes from the paramo and specifically 16% comes from the Area de Conservación Hidrica (ACHA). The present study develops a methodology which evaluate the saturation of the Pugllohuma wetland with a fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle. Based collecting multispectral images for generated maps where we can identify the area characteristics. The camera took 2 950 images in total, with a ground resolution of 6cm per pixel, unlike the satellite images with 10 m per pixel, were used for the monitoring in the andean regions, a 174 300 m2 study area at Pugllohuma wetland, with a saturated area of 86 168,49 m2 and used for creating thematic maps, such as flood zones and turbidity. Thus, the methodology is also validated with field data, making a schematic map superimposing the flood map with the piezometric map identifying that 49,42% of the wetland is saturated.