Estudio de calidad del agua de la microcuenca del río Quillalli para uso agrícola, parroquia Quisapincha, cantón Ambato

Abstract

This research evaluates the quality of the water for agricultural use in the Quillalli river microbasin of the Quisapincha parish, based on the analysis of LANDSAT satellite images of the vegetation cover and land uses of the years 1986, 1995 and 2017, identifying 5 classes of vegetation : dense vegetation, grassland, pastures and bare soil, it is evident that grass has occupied a larger area from 12% in 1986 to 40% in 2017, while grassland has decreased its area from 17% in 1986 to 7% in 2017 , influencing non-point sources of contamination. In addition, through field visits, talking maps and surveys, point and non-point sources of contamination were identified. From the microbiological analyzes, the presence of fecal coliforms was determined in all the analyzed points, the RQ5 point exceeded the maximum permissible limit (LMP), presenting a concentration of 1671 NMP / 100 ml, so that gastrointestinal problems could be generated when consuming irrigated products for this water. With respect to physical-chemical analyzes, it was found that hexavalent chromium, aluminum, copper and manganese exceeded the LMP, since they have bioaccumulative characteristics in the long run and can cause carcinogenic problems. Finally, general guidelines for water resource management were proposed.