Análisis de los factores que inciden en la deserción estudiantil de los niños, niñas y adolescentes ecuatorianos en el periodo 2009-2019

Abstract

Student dropout, considered as the abandonment of the educational system by the student, constitutes a problem that negatively affects the economic, political, social and cultural progress of a society. To control this problem it is necessary to analyze the causes that generate it. This research aims to study how the individual and contextual characteristics of Ecuadorian children and adolescents affect student dropout. For this purpose, a Probit binary response model is used and the National Survey of Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment (ENEMDU) and the Master File of Educational Institutions (AMIE) in the period of 2009 - 2019 are used as the data source. In the present work it was verified that the individual characteristics such as being a woman and living in the rural area increase the probability of dropping out;

on the contrary, a higher family income ensures the permanence of the individual in the educational system. Regarding the contextual characteristics, it was obtained that the dropout probability increases if the students are in a bilingual jurisdiction. Likewise, an increase in students per school per canton increases the possibility of student dropout.