Diseño y construcción de un prototipo de aprovechamiento de agua lluvia para el abastecimiento sanitario en viviendas ubicadas al sur de quito mediante bombeo

Abstract

This experimental technical project presents a proposal for the use of rainwater applied to single-family homes in the southern rural area of the DMQ, due to the waste of drinking water that exists in homes, being 20% of the total drinking water consumed in a dwelling intended to the toilet causing that in Quito 200L is consumed per person while the WHO establishes that the consumption should be 100L. It began with a bibliographic review where local hydrometeorological data, current regulations, water rates from the EMAAPS-Q, information available in the INEC (2010) and methodology applicable to the use system were collected.

After a survey of the study area, the actual consumption of drinking water, the number of inhabitants per dwelling, and the structural characteristics of the dwelling necessary to establish the design criteria were evidenced, resulting in the installation of 4 subsystems: catchment, conduction, storage and distribution, which was then scaled up and mounted on a prototype.

In addition, taking into account the slightly acidic characteristics of rainwater, a sampling campaign was carried out in the dry and rainy season, showing the presence of sedimentable solids and reaffirming the pH of the water.

Finally, the positive viability of the implementation of the system was determined by using all the water collected, by collecting 7.07 m3 of water on average depending on the month and having a useful life of 20 years and a return period of the investment of 7 years, a profit of $ 63.27 was obtained yearly. This will benefit more than 1,494 inhabitants located in the study area, which will allow an economic saving of water on a larger scale.