Estudio del comportamiento de la losa plana frente a sismos, en construcciones informales de hasta dos plantas y luces de hasta cinco metros, en la zona periferica norte de la ciudad Quito.

Abstract

The present study is based on the analysis of the behavior of the flat slab for informal constructions, located in the northern peripheral zone of Quito. Through a compilation of information from the selected study cases, which are made up of a system of frames (columns and band beams). Based on the structural plans and study of loads, a modeling of the buildings is carried out, obtaining results of critical elements. These must comply with the requirements established in the earthquake-resistance regulations. In this way, it is determined that the studied flat slabs present a good behavior against vertical loads and earthquakes by calculation, however, it has been known that there are several collapses of structures with this construction system during seismic events. Since most of the buildings in the DMQ are informal and maintain this construction system, it is important to know the possible failures that would lead to the aforementioned collapses, focusing specifically on the behavior of the slabs. Based on the earthquake stresses by capacity of the structure, the respective non-linear analysis is carried out, using the manual proposed by the engineer Patricio Placencia for earthquake resistant design of buildings with band beams. Finally, it is announced that the informal constructions studied present a lack of capacity of elements that allows their correct performance in earthquakes in which cases the solutions range from reinforcing the reinforcement in elements, modifying their dimensions, and in the case of existing constructions, treating to limit movement in the structure