Estabilización de la gallinaza de jaula mediante el uso del escarabajo del estiércol (Alphitobius diaperinus) para uso como enmienda orgánica.

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the degradation of fresh cage manure stabilization using the darkling beetle, Alphitobius diaperinus to determine the stabilization degree of manure as a function of time and the number of detritivore individuals. It began with sampling of fresh chicken manure and detritivore organisms from a poultry farming. Subsequently, physical, chemical, and microbiological analyzes of the chicken manure were carried out to then be placed with the beetles in experimental bioreactors of 35x37x30 cm3. The study proceeds by varying the relationship between mass of beetles per mass of substrate (g beetles / kg substrate), obtaining 3 proportions: 12.5 g / kg (T2), 25 g / kg (T3) and 50 g / kg (T4), from which the best proportion was defined. For this purpose, the environmental temperature, relative humidity (RH) and temperature of the bioreactors are monitored daily. Otherwise, the substrate moisture, pH, volatile and total solids were monitored weekly for 14 weeks. To determine the degree of stabilization of the chicken manure, the intensity of the odor, disintegrated material was analyzed, in addition to considering that the relationship between volatile solids and total solids (SV / ST) must be less than or equal to 30% to consider the residue stabilized. In this way, it was obtained that the T4 treatment was the closest to stabilizing at week 14, with an SV / ST ratio of 47.82%. Finally, to determine its potential use as an organic amendment, the physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters were compared with the current regulations in the country. Based on this, it is concluded that the residue obtained from the T4 treatment is not yet stable and needs to be hydrated and degraded until obtaining a SV / ST ratio of at least 30% in order to be used as an organic amendment in slightly acidic soils. the absence of E. Coli, Salmonella and phytopathogens.