Análisis multicriterio de la calidad de la educación en latinoamérica, en base a la encuesta TERCE.

Abstract

Quality education is essential for the development of society; therefore, it is necessary to determine the factors of educational success. This study focuses on 15 Latin American countries which are taken as the axis through the standardized scores of the TERCE evaluation, for this reason, a comprehensive study is carried out using two methodologies, the multi-criteria analysis, as an innovative method characterized by providing a ranking among the alternatives with the best circumstances and positioning the countries according to the individual, teaching, school, and socio-economic dimension factors at the macro level. The second methodology is econometric, with a three-dimensional multilevel model: students, schools, and countries, by data characteristic. The results show that the factors of the dimensions are significant, with emphasis on parental expectations, socioeconomic conditions, access to and use of technology, the level of education of teachers, school resources and public investment in education. In addition, inclusion is recommended, provision and training on technological resources to students and schools in a digital economy, so that its use can be optimized for academic performance and development in society. The multi-criteria analysis shows that Uruguay, Chile, and Costa Rica are the best countries for educational factors.