Reducción de impactos ambientales, aumento de la eficiencia productiva en la empresa FOMM Cía. Ltda., y propuesta de gestión de los residuos orgánicos mediante compostaje aerobio.

Abstract

The characterization of the productive processes and the application of the AAI to the company FOMM Cía. Ltda., was carried out for the years 2016-2017. This made it possible to determine the rate of waste generation and preliminary knowledge of the company's environmental problems, for which improvement alternatives and approximate implementation costs were established. In the production process of moringa cultivation, it was determined that the generation of hazardous waste in the years 2016 and 2017 was 12.13 kg and 1.31 kg, respectively. These wastes are not managed in an environmentally correct manner, which is why they pose a risk to health and the environment. Therefore, the company must carry out an integral management of hazardous waste. The washing water used in the moringa leaf drying production process has not been characterized, which implies an optimization in its use. A factor was established that indicates the liters of rainwater for each kilogram of accepted moringa leaf, whose value was 0.89 L/kg, an amount that ensures that the washing will be efficient and that 1934.40 liters of rainwater would be saved annually. Finally, in the moringa oil extraction process, 51.2 kg/year of waste (R3b) are generated, which are not used. Therefore, by using the Soxhlet extraction method, which has an efficiency of 51%, 26.1 kg would be recovered, which would prevent them from ending up in the DMQ landfill. The environmental compliance of the company FOMM Cía. Ltda., was 89.39%, which provides an environmental performance rating of Very Good.