Aplicación de la tecnología iot (internet of things) para la medición de variables hidrometeorológicas en la agricultura sostenible: optimización del recurso hídrico mediante la tecnología iot a través del sensor de nivel de agua, esto con el fin de evitar un sobre exceso o un defícit de este recurso durante el riego de los cultivos de ciclo corto aplicado hacia una agricultura sostenible

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) technology over the years has had a constant evolution, starting first with the sending of basic information to later be used in most fields, starting from the most basic such as turning on a television to the most complex. such as real-time monitoring of climatic and soil conditions and obtaining information on crops so that there is more efficient production in agriculture. For this project, IoT technology was used with low-cost sensors. These were first installed in the Paluguillo water reserve where measurements of different meteorological variables were taken. After this, these same variables were analyzed for two short-cycle crops in a plot of land located in the parish of Conocoto, where the water balance was calculated for irrigation optimization based on data such as evapotranspiration (ETc). Which was calculated using the Class A evaporimeter tank method using the water level sensor. For the distribution of the crops, the land was divided into two sections, one with irrigation controlled by means of the values obtained from the water balance and from the sensors. And the other section with uncontrolled irrigation to show if there is an efficient development of crops without using IoT technology. Through the results obtained, it is estimated that the development of crops is efficient through constant monitoring of the climatic variables of the area.