Diseño y optimización para el mejoramiento energético de un reactor de lecho empacado escala laboratorio para la transformación de alcohol y cetonas a gasolina: análisis y aplicación de conceptos termodinámicos para el cálculo de calor de reacción, basado en las ecuaciones diferenciales parciales, con el objetivo de mejorar la productividad de gasolina y diseñar un reactor escala de lecho empacado escala laboratorio. /

Abstract

The production of biofuels in Ecuador is a fact, it is made from reagents such as ethanol and acetone that come from biomass with the purpose of reducing global warming generated by the burning of fossil fuels. The objective of this research is the energy improvement of a packed bed reactor located in the Thermodynamics Laboratory of the Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Agroindustry of the National Polytechnic School to obtain biogasoline. To this end, we have used an experimental (obtaining biogasoline samples) and simulation (solving differential equations through FlexPDE) methodological design for ethanol and acetone samples, with the purpose of evaluating the ideal production temperature. It was optimized from the data established by the researcher and the differential equations were built with normalized data. Through a series of simulations with a temperature of 523 K, the parameters for the experimental part were determined, obtaining favorable results in both samples. The biogasoline from ethanol presented a yield of 16.22%, while the acetone sample presented a yield of 64%. Chromatographic analyzes of the samples were carried out with favorable results, confirming the presence of hydrocarbon chains.