Evaluación físico- química y microbiológica de las descargas residuales hospitalarias, de una casa de salud ubicada en el sur de Quito.

Abstract

This degree study shows the physical, chemical and microbiological evaluation of the wastewater discharges of a health care center located in the south of Quito, Quitumbe sector.

The identification of the wastewater conduction system includes activities such as reading the procedure sheets of each of the unit processes and the sectioning of the hospital sewage system in the AutoCAD software. In the hospital, the main areas where wastewater is generated are the operating room (operating room), the kitchen, and the cafeteria. The effluent was characterized by physical-chemical parameters such as: turbidity, DO, pH, Temperature, ST, TDS, BOD5, COD, fats/oils, SAAM, Phenols, Zinc, Cadmium, Mercury and microbiological parameters such as: fecal and total coliforms. These parameters were considered in the analysis, since they are the main contaminants of hospital discharges. The results obtained in the laboratory, from the final outfall. Most comply with the maximum permissible discharge limits, with the exception of methylene blue active substances (SAAM). To develop the optimization and improvement plan for each of the treatment systems, information on the processes was collected by reading technical data sheets, manufacturer data and data provided by maintenance personnel. The characterization at the entrance and exit of the processes, allowed to know in detail the operation and the taking of values in the laboratory, to determine the biodegradability of the sampled wastewater and the efficiency of each process.