Optimización de equipos térmicos y termodinámicos con enfoque mecatrónico.

Abstract

In the present work, a cold room with the capacity to refrigerate 4 tons of chicken will be analysed to be able to optimize the response times that are had in the initial cooling process of the product and its subsequent conservation at a temperature of -2 [° C]. The work begins with the calculation of the thermal loads that are in the cold room, considering several bibliographical references and even catalogues of companies dedicated to the production of these. Through this investigation, the power of the evaporator in its initial state can be determined. Once the initial state of the chamber has been analysed, a sensitivity analysis is carried out, which will determine the most critical variables of the system and, in turn, present the best alternatives to reduce heat transfer losses on its surfaces. The main problem is the slow response in the initial cooling process of the product, for this the best conditions were chosen for the insulation and in turn a good percentage of daily load renewal of the product. Thus, obtaining a decrease of 60 [%] and 7 [%] in the closed loop and open loop response times, respectively. To obtain these best temporary responses, a thermostat is used for the initial cooling process and an analog PID controller for the case of temperature conservation in the refrigeration chamber.