Elaboración de menús para encapsulamiento de residuos peligrosos para la empresa hazwat.

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the feasibility of using hazardous wastes, stored at the Hazwat environmental remediation center, in the production of paving blocks. The technical feasibility of encapsulating hazardous wastes (incineration ashes, catalysts, and basic hazardous liquid) in paving blocks was determined. This procedure minimizes the impact on the environment by reducing the volume of hazardous waste in the company. Field visits were made to Hazwat, where a list of all hazardous waste was determined with a general inventory of the company. With this resource, the hazardous waste that would be used for encapsulation was determined, being the basic hazardous liquid, catalysts, and incineration ashes, products that the company had available and stored. The dosages used for encapsulation were 10%, 20%, and 30%. The materials used to manufacture the pavers (aggregates and cement) were analyzed at the Soil and Rock Mechanics Materials Testing Laboratory (LEMSUR) of the Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of the EPN. The hazardous waste was then encapsulated in the manufacture of paving blocks with the collaboration of the company HORMAQ. Once the pavers were made, they were cured and then tested for mechanical strength and absorption in the LEMSUR laboratory, the results of which were compared with national standards. Finally, the pavers were subjected to leaching tests, which were analyzed for metals in the LDIA (Environmental Engineering Teaching Laboratory) and CICAM (Environmental Research and Control Center) laboratories of the EPN's Civil and Environmental Engineering School. Once the analyses were completed, it was found that the dosages that complied with the mechanical resistance and absorption standards were 10% and 20%, which meet the requirements of the national standards for physical and chemical tests. The research explains the feasibility of the elaboration of concrete products with hazardous waste (basic hazardous liquid, catalysts, and incineration ashes) of the Hazwat company. The company will be provided with a manual indicating the most appropriate dosage for the production of pavers.