Estudio de los movimientos en masa como eventos morfoclimáticos en periodo 1900 a 2020 Zona Sur del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito.

Abstract

Study of Mass Movements as Morphoclimatic Events in the Period 1900 to 2020 South Zone of the Metropolitan District of Quito. ABSTRACT: The present study was developed in the southern area of the Metropolitan District of Quito (DMQ), micro-watershed of the Machángara River (MHRMa) and is focused on the spatiotemporal study, from 1900 to 2020, on the multicausal occurrence of mass movements as morphoclimatic events (MMEM), that is, where there is a combination of geomorphological, climatic and anthropogenic factors related to the growth of the urban area (MU). With this approach, this work is developed through the use of a GIS for the creation of thematic cartography (inventory map of MMEM, drainage restitution map, geomorphological map, urban growth map and critical zones map), which provides information on the type of drainage, type of geomorphological units and process of the advance of the MU over time, which when combined in a certain area create the necessary conditions for the occurrence of MMEM whose areas with the highest density of events are reflected in the critical zones map. Thus, the infill zones, the geomorphological units Cd, Rrp, Lcqr and Cva, which in turn are completely covered by the MU, the areas in which the occurrence of MMEM predominates. In addition, a statistical analysis was carried out to determine the relationship between the MMEM and the distribution of mean monthly precipitation, observing that the months of April and May are the periods with the highest number of MMEM and the highest mean monthly precipitation values.