Redes de sensores inalámbricos para IoT: monitoreo del nivel de energía de la señal recibida en un nodo LoRaWAN.

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) has generated exponential growth in the use of technologies, creating new challenges, one of which is the need to transmit data over long distances with low energy consumption. To address this problem, technologies such as LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Networks) have been developed, particularly LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Networks), which stands out for its low energy consumption and long transmission distances achieved through its modulation technique based on spread spectrum. It is important to note that LoRa and LoRaWAN are not the same, as the former is a physical layer protocol and the latter is a communication protocol that uses LoRa technologies. The objective of this curricular integration work is to design and implement a prototype that allows monitoring the energy level of the signal received at a LoRaWAN node connected to a LoRa Gateway. The first section will explain in detail the theory behind LoRaWAN, while the second section will present the problem to be solved and the design of the network and node. The third section will carry out the implementation of the prototype and obtain the corresponding results, detailing the advantages and limitations of the developed prototype. This prototype can be useful for various applications, from industry to home automation and health.