Propuesta límites permisibles para la identificación y remediación de suelos contaminados con hidrocarburos y para lixiviados de lodos y ripios de perforación. Una propuesta para complementar el RAOH 2020 : Propuesta límites permisibles para la identificación y remediación de suelos contaminados en todas las fases de la industria hidrocarburífera, incluidas las estaciones de servicios.

Abstract

Environmental legislation in Ecuador began in the 1990s, until 2001, when the Environmental Regulation for Hydrocarbon Operations in Ecuador (RAOHE) was issued. Hydrocarbon Operations in Ecuador (RAOHE) was issued in 2001, which sought to regulate, control, inspect and audit hydrocarbon operations in all their aspects, control, inspect and audit hydrocarbon operations in all their phases, from exploration, production, production, and exploration, production, refining and commercialization of hydrocarbons. By 2020, the Environmental Regulation for Hydrocarbons Operations was implemented. Environmental Regulation of Hydrocarbon Operations (RAOH), which replaced the 2001 one, was implemented by 2020, but in the latter there is a legal void with respect to Tables of permissible parameters of hydrocarbon contaminants in soils. A table is proposed in this work, by analyzing the environmental regulations of neighboring countries such as Peru, Brazil, Argentina; with the purpose of implementing new parameters and their respective limits that guarantee the quality of the soils where hydrocarbon the quality of the soils where hydrocarbon activities are developed, according to the pertinence in the country. The study covers environmental regulations of several countries, where they mention the parameters that are used and their ranges to guarantee in their territory a high quality of soil, and thus of the environment. These parameters were compared with those used in Ecuador and new ones were implemented to implemented new ones that can reinforce the regulations for cleaner and more environmentally friendly operations. It also describes some mitigation techniques that could be implemented in the country in places that have been contaminated by hydrocarbons and all that soil became passive, due to the lack of techniques to restore its production.