Construcción de una prensa hidráulica para procesos de conformado mecánico en el laboratorio LTI de la ESFOT : diseño y construcción de una prensa hidráulica.

Abstract

The main objective of this degree work was the implementation of a hydraulic press for mechanical forming processes for the Industrial Control Laboratory (LTI) of the Escuela de Formación de Tecnólogos (ESFOT), which it will be possible to reinforce the knowledge acquired by the students on the different processes of mechanical cold forming. To reduce the cost of implementing the project, the LTI provided components such as: a hydraulic piston, a 4-way 3-position solenoid valve (4/3), and the 3 (hp) hydraulic unit to which the system is adapted, which has a pressure regulating valve to calibrate the hydraulic fluid at a certain working pressure. For the design process, some structures of hydraulic dams were investigated, resulting in the choice of the design of a type H hydraulic press. For the main structure, an 80x45x6 (mm) UPN profile was chosen, this structure being capable of supporting the 30 (kN) exerted by the hydraulic piston, its dimensions were taken based on the space provided in the LTI. To activate the hydraulic piston, the adaptation of the implemented machine to the LTI hydraulic power unit was carried out through a hydraulic connection to command the fluid that enters or returns according to the electrical signal received in the coils of the 4/3 solenoid valve with the help of an electrical control algorithm. For the construction of the bending matrix, the manufacture of angles to support or embed objects at 90° was proposed as an application. As a last activity, a video tutorial was developed showing how to use and maintain the hydraulic press to extend the useful life of the machine.