Evaluación de los efectos de la contaminación ambiental en la productividad de los cultivos agrícolas en los barrios la Morita, la Tola, el Arenal, la Esperanza y Collaquí ubicados en la parroquia de Tumbaco, Distrito Metropolitano de Quito

Abstract

The objectives of the research are the determination of the levels of contamination of air, water and soil and to assess their effects on the productivity of crops in 5 districts located in the parish of Tumbaco, A survey to identify areas, types of cultivation and social actors took place. It was investigated and evaluated the environmental quality of the area, in the water, air and soil by comparing the data obtained in the laboratory with the limits of quality of environmental regulations for current agricultural use and determined the effects of environmental quality in the decrease of the agricultural productivity of the area of study. There are concentrations of boron and fecal coliform exceeding the permissible limits by the standard of irrigation water, crawling crops such as strawberries, and vegetables should be banned. The air quality with the exception of the concentrations of sedimentary particles in the sectors of Esperanza and Collaqui, are within norm. There is presence of concentrations of copper, mercury, vanadium, zinc in the soil of the study area, by the use of organic fertilizers and pesticides but does not significantly affect the reduction of agricultural productivity.