Obtención de un hidrogel de quitosano mediante la irradiación con un haz de electrones acelerados, para determinar su aplicación en la adsorción de cromo

Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to obtain a chitosan hydrogel to determine its application in the adsorption of chromium (III). For this, chitosan was obtained by termo alkaline deacetylation. The chitosan obtained was characterized by determining its molecular weight and its percentage of deacetylation. To form the chitosan hydrogel aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol was prepared and also chitosan solutions in acetic acid were prepared, these mixtures were irradiated at different doses in the electron linear accelerator. The best hydrogel obtained was characterized by determining the percentage of swelling, thermal properties and the infrared spectrum (FTIR). To determine the adsorption capacity of chromium (III) of the chitosan hydrogel, 2 L of chromium (III) salt solution were prepared at a inicial concentration of 240 ppm. Adsorption isotherms according to the amount of chromium (III) that adsorbs as a function of pH is established. Finally the cost of developing the chitosan hydrogel obtained with polyvinyl alcohol was analyzed. Chitosan obtained had an average molecular weight of and an average percentage of deacetylation high. The best radiation dose for obtaining chitosan hydrogel with polyvinyl alcohol to 71, 6 kGy and the best concentration of chitosan in acetic acid was 1% was determined. And the cost of preparing the chitosan hydrogel with polyvinyl alcohol was 270 USD / kg hydrogel prepared.