Diseño del proceso de fabricación de láminas plásticas con actividad bactericida a partir de polimetilmetacrilato y nanopartículas de plata

Abstract

This study aimed to develop an industrial process for manufacturing a bactericidal nanocomposite from polymethylmethacrylate and silver nanoparticles. 1 mM silver nitrate solution and 2 mM sodium borohydride solution as reducer agent were used to synthesize the nanoparticles. A solution 20 % of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as stabilizer. For each assay, dimethylformamide (DMF) was used as solvent due to allow to solubilize the metallic salt and the polymeric matrix. For silver nanoparticle characterization, spectrophotometry UV-Vis and dynamic light scattering (DLS) was performed. It was found that the particle size of silver nanoparticles was 42.3± 4.1 nm. This result was accomplished keeping a molar relation between the reducer and the silver salt of 0.1, and 1 ml of stabilizing solution of PVP was required in 10 mL of nanoparticles colloid. To elaborate the nanocomposite PMMA/NP-Ag, nanoparticles were dispersed in the polymeric matrix by simple addition in the PMMA polymerization reaction. The bactericidal activity of PMMA/NP-Ag sheets was evaluated against coliforms, it was demonstrated, with a 50% nanoparticles colloid content in the nanocomposite, it can achieve a total bacterial growth inhibition. The economic indicator of profitability, considering a project horizon of 10 years and a sale price of 125 USD, resulted in a NPV equal to 1 334 174 USD and A IRR of 75,5 % for the commercialization of PMMA/NP-Ag sheets of of 1.20 m long 1.80 m high and 5 mm thick