Estudio de la adhesión de nanopartículas de óxido de zinc en tejidos de algodón para el mejoramiento de sus propiedades antimicrobianas y de protección ultravioleta

Abstract

ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by Pechini method, varying the calcination time and temperature. These nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In every synthesis process, ZnO in the zincite form was obtained, with a minimum effective diameter of about 23 nm, for a process with calcination at 700°C for 3 h. The nanoparticles were adhered to cotton using the pad-dry-cure method and other with isopropanol. The adhesion of the nanoparticle material to the fabrics was assessed by elemental analysis (EDS), FTIR, atomic absortion (AA) and through the changes in fabrics properties while the evalutation of the durability of the adhesion of nanoparticles was performed through the same post-washing process analysis. ZnO adequately inhibited strains of test microorganisms Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive); and Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative). “Gaby” prewashed canvas impregnated by isopropanol method showed the best adhesion, and UV protection properties of adhering tissues found to be very good according to the transmission values obtained. UV protection properties of adhering tissues found to be very good according to the transmission values obtained. Isopropanol method generally gave better adhesion of ZnO nanoparticles, and better retention after washing process. For some cases, the nanoparticles concentration decreased drastically in the fabrics after the washing process, for which may have had only a superficially adhesion.