Análisis de la distribución espacial y temporal de los deslizamientos en la cuenca del río Salado y zonas aledañas al volcán Reventador, desde 1987

Abstract

The river basin of the Salado River (CHRS) is an area in constant change due to active tectonics, which directly influences the morphology and the production of sediments that reach the drainages. One example is the earthquake that occurred in 1987, when mega-landslides occurred, mostly superficial and that became part of the solid flow of rivers. In order to identify the areas with the highest sediment production, aerial photographs from 1987 (FA 1987), a mosaic of orthophotos from 2010, 2011 and 2012 (MOF 2010-12) and satellite images from 2016 (IS 2016) were used. This information was interpreted in a Geographical Information System with which it was determined that the most unstable zones are: the high basins of the Huataringo river and the Cascabel river; and the lower basin of the Azuela River. Finally, it was found that the slopes, lithology and soil type have a certain relationship with the occurrence of landslides, mainly the slopes since the highest density of landslides is found in those greater than 40 ° or in those of 40-25 °; which are generally associated with rocks of igneous and metamorphic origin, covered by inceptisols.