Diseño y construcción de una antena fractal en base a la curva de Koch para la recepción de señales TDT en la banda UHF

Abstract

The study of antennas, in general, has allowed a great development in the area of telecommunications, allowing long-distance communications; one of them is the visualization of images and sound on television, either analog TV or digital TV. The present degree project focuses on the design and construction of fractal antennas based on the second Koch’s curve interaction, taking as a reference the researching work carried out by Engineer Gary Flores, a researcher at the Astronomical Observatory in Quito. Some physical changes were developed on this antenna, just with the purpose of improving the electrical and radiation parameters such as VSWR and high-gain. The bandwidth of the antenna’s operation goes from channel 21 (512 MHz - 518 MHz) to channel 47 (668 MHz - 674 MHz), due to in this frequency range television stations transmit their digital signals in Ecuador clarifying that some of them are not currently used. Finally, simulations, construction, and tests were carried out to determine their behavior in a real work environment.