Caracterización físico-química del crudo Oriente en la refinería estatal Esmeraldas (REE).

Abstract

The previous study of the crude oil allows the professionals choose an adequate technology of materials and make a good design of facilities for a certain oil, with the purpose of preventing the effect of oxidation, liqueo, scale and obstruction that directly affects the useful life of tubulars, valves, instrumentation and equipment. Problems that involve economic losses, job insecurity and negative environmental impacts. This analysis was carried out at the Esmeraldas State Refinery, analyzing two gallons of crude oil. The crude oil was analyzed with 13 tests based on ASTM standards, on an experimental basis at Department of Laboratory and Quality Control of the Refinery. The characteristics evaluated with their results were the specific API gravity 24,7 API, water in crude oil by distillation 0,175% in volume, sediment in crude oil by extraction 0,006% in volume, water and sediment in crude oil 0,20% in volume, asphaltene content 7,47% weight, sulfur content 1,44% weight, nitrogen content 2167,68 (mg/L), salts in crude oil 11,38 (ptb), acid number 0,1735 mg KOH/g, vapor pressure 18,96 KPa, pour point -39,0 (oC), Conradson carbon residue 8,62 % m/m, and kinematic viscosity of opaque liquids 30(°C) is 62,55 mm2/s, 40(°C) is 33,04 mm2/s and 50(°C) is 34,26 mm2/s.