El índice de pobreza multidimensional y el análisis multicriterio. El caso de Ecuador 2009-2018.

Abstract

Poverty is no longer defined as only the lack of income, for this reason, focusing on only the monetary factor is not enough to understand the phenomenon of poverty. This has led to the development of different methodologies to explain the multidimensionality of poverty, in order to reveal the true level of deprivation that exists in the country. The multidimensional or multicriterial analysis of poverty is generally carried out from the conceptual framework developed by Alkire and Foster (2009, 2011). However, options remain open for the application of multicriteria analysis techniques to complement the results obtained by standard methodologies. Thus, in the present study an application of the multicriteria analysis is carried out, specifically the Quipu method (Burbano, 2018), based on the deprivation matrix defined in the Alkire and Foster methodology as an intermediate step in the definition of the Poverty Index Multidimensional (IPM). Based on data from the National Survey of Employment and Underemployment (ENEMDU) of the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC) of Ecuador, in the period 2009 - 2018, the Multicriterial Poverty Index (IMdP) is constructed and analyzed its results at the national level for the time series in the period 2009-2018.