Diseño y simulación de un sistema de ventilación mecánica para extracción de gases de los parqueaderos subterráneos del edificio Zattere mediante el uso de cfd.

Abstract

In this project, a mechanical ventilation system has been designed for the extraction of polluting gases from a subway parking lot of the Zattere project to be built in the city of Quito. For the design of the ventilation system, instead of using a conventional duct system, an alternative system composed of ventilation ducts, axial fans, and jet fans was used. The jet fans are located in specific places on the roof, and these devices are the ones that conduct air inside the parking lot. Fresh air enters through the supply ducts, and the driving force of the jet fans directs the contaminated air into the exhaust air to the exhaust ducts to be expelled to the outside. The ASHRAE (American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineer) was used for system design. From this standard, it was found that the required design ventilation rate for an enclosed parking lot depends primarily on four factors: - Acceptable level of pollutants in the parking lot - Number of cars in operation during rush hour - Trip duration and operating time of cars in the parking lot - Pollutant emission rate of a car Once the system parameters were determined, a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation of the ventilation system was carried out with the free accesses software SimScale. The stagnation zones, reverse flow areas, and fluid velocities were obtained from this simulation. As a results of this study, the following conclusions were obtained: the airflow behavior inside the subway parking was calculated, and the location of the jet fans was optimized; the system consists of two jet fans from the company Sisteven of the series TST REV 29 2/4T - F - 300 which drive the air at an approximate speed of 7 m / s improving the circulation of the fluid in the direction of the extraction areas.