Análisis técnico comparativo de la detección directa versus la detección coherente en sistemas ópticos.

Abstract

The present technical project contrasts the performance of light signal detection methods in optical communications systems, using various scenarios for this purpose, in order to establish what type of detection is better under certain conditions by using software OptiSystem. These photodetection schemes are of great importance in long-distance transmissions and high transmission speeds. Therefore, the tendency is to point to these new technologies, for which their performance will be analyzed. It begins with an introduction to optical communications systems and the study of PIN and APD photodetectors. Then, a theoretical development of the direct and coherent detection is carried out, in the latter the homodyne and heterodyne receiver is analyzed in a special configuration that is known as balanced. The simulations were carried out in different single-channel optical system scenarios with the two light detection methods, furthermore, parameters that influence the performance of the system are modified, such as: the length of the link, power and transmission speed. In addition, the analysis of the results obtained in the simulations is presented.