Recuperación de plomo de escorias usando solventes eutécticos profundos (DES): evaluación del lixiviante Etalina (Etanol + cloruro de colina) en la lixiviación de plomo de escorias obtenidas del proceso de reciclaje de baterías automotrices.

Abstract

This study evaluated the use of DES Ethaline in the recovery of lead from secondary slag derived from automotive batteries recycling. To this end, chemical characterization of the slags was performed and subsequently atmospheric leaching tests, with iodine as oxidizing agent, were carried out with varying time, temperature, and calcination pretreatment. A hydrothermal leaching test was also included. Mineralogical analysis demonstrated the presence of anglesite and hematite in calcined sample, but it was no possible to quantify the species due to the large amount of amorphous material. For the non-calcined sample, amorphous material made it impossible to identify and quantify mineral species. Through leaching tests, it was demonstrated that the variable with greatest influence on recovery was the calcination pretreatment, with a maximum variation of 31,11% compared to the non-calcined sample at 80 °C. It was noted that for calcined and non-calcined samples, the recovery decreased with temperature increase from 50 to 80 °C, which was attributed to the generation of precipitates as lead and iron sulfates. As for hydrothermal leaching, it resulted in a drastic decrease in recovery due to precipitates generation and solvent degradation. Thus, optimal conditions correspond to atmospheric leaching of calcined sample at 50 °C for 8 hours, with a final recovery of 49,23%.