Estudio Introductoria a la Criptografía Cuántica.

Abstract

Cryptography is a method that allows us to protect information by means of different mathematical techniques or algorithms that have been improved or modified over time, and have allowed us to handle information confidentially. At present, the security of computer systems has been violated more frequently and with increasing ease, one of the causes of this is due to the increase in computer systems developed for these purposes. Technological advances, as well as in hardware and software of different devices, make it easier and easier to violate the security of information based on traditional cryptography. Traditional cryptography uses public keys which are based on mathematical algorithms that allow us to give a certain level of security to information, unlike quantum cryptography; which is based on quantum mechanics, and uses private keys that are distributed by means of light and it is possible to send information through appropriate channels such as fiber optics. Through the study of the fundamental bases of quantum cryptography and some models used in the transmission of information by means of light, it is proposed to determine the advantages of quantum cryptography with respect to traditional cryptography.