Análisis comparativo de técnicas para simular la inercia de las máquinas síncronas utilizadas en sistemas de potencia : Analizar la respuesta dinámica de la máquina sincrónica virtual en un sistema máquina barra-infinita.

Abstract

Electric power systems are currently undergoing changes mainly in their generation sources. The inclusion of renewable energy sources, especially wind and photovoltaic, has reduced the use of conventional synchronous generators. This situation has affected the inertia of the electrical system, give the implementation of new equipment and elements that do not included rotating masses and that constitute the main source of inertia. In search of new technologies that can provide inertia to the electrical system, the development of the Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM) concept has been proposed, which emulates the dynamic characteristic of the synchronous machine to provide inertia to the system in order to improve the frequency stability in case of events due to its operation. This curricular integration work by reviewing the state of the art on the modeling of a virtual synchronous machine implements a model in the PowerFactory software, with which to analyze its dynamic response in an electrical network that presents non-conventional generation connected to an infinite bus. In order to observe the contribution of inertia to the model system, its dynamic behavior is analyzed with the response of a synchronous generator connected to the same busbar of the system under study. Time domain simulations of the variables frequency and power for three study cases showed that the virtual inertia provided by the VSM model provides an adequate damping of the oscillations, thus improving the stability level of the analyzed system.