Guía técnica para el rediseño de una red eléctrica de bajo voltaje de 110 v a 220 v en el sector de Solanda

Abstract

In the framework of the process of changing the national energy matrix, the Ecuadorian electricity sector has been stimulated by the implementation of a series of energy efficiency programs, promoting the migration of artifacts operating on the basis of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) by appliances opperating on electricity, mainly induction cookers and water heaters. A critical aspect of this process of change lies in the investment required to change the installation from 110 V to 220 V, which results in difficult economic access to the most disadvantaged sectors, a particularly serious problem in the neighborhoods located in the South of Quito, where the use of unskilled personnel to carry out electrical works is a daily practice. In the present work, the Solanda sector, which is considered to be representative of the neighborhoods of the south of Quito, has been selected as a case study to address the problem described, establishing a redesign protocol that guarantees the safety of the installation. The methodology of design used is the voltage drop, which guarantees the feasibility of application given the easy access to the required information. The description of the process of design and the protocol of installation is complemented by the presentation of the essential technical terms regarding safety in the installation, electrical risk as well as the materials and tools necessary for staff to work in proper conditions and to ensure the future good operation of the facility